Designed for you by to enable you to implement the right prophylactic control of your child's nervous system. This package includes an electroencephalogram and head MRI.
Neurology Package - An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that measures electrical activity in the brain (brain waves). During the test, small, round disks with wires (electrodes) are placed on the scalp. The electrodes do not cause pain to the child.
Why might a child need an EEG?
This test is conducted to check for signs of:
An EEG is usually done when a child has developmental delays or symptoms such as loss of consciousness, unusual movements or behaviors. An EEG helps determine if seizures or other brain conditions are causing the symptoms.
What are the risks of EEG?
EEG has been used for many years as a diagnostic method and is considered a safe procedure. The test does not cause discomfort. The electrodes record activity but do not stimulate the nerves. There is no risk of electric shock.
In rare cases, EEG can cause seizures in a person with seizure disorder. This is due to the flashing lights that may be on during the test. If a child has a seizure during the procedure they will receive immediate medical attention.
What happens during an EEG?
To get the maximum information from this test, the doctor will try to record the EEG while the child is awake and while he or she is sleeping. During the test, the electrical activity of the child's brain is recorded on a computer or printed on paper. A video camera may also be used to record the child's physical activity. The parent can stay with their child in the testing room. The child can bring a favorite toy, such as a teddy bear, to feel comfortable and relaxed.
The child must lie down. Measure the head and make small marks on the scalp with a washable marker. Each marked area is rubbed with gritty lotion so that the electrodes transmit well. Glue is applied to the electrodes and placed over each of the marked spots on the scalp. Marking the scalp and applying sandy lotion may be uncomfortable for some children.
The electrodes are connected to the EEG machine and the test begins. The child should sit or lie as still as possible. He may be asked to breathe rapidly (hyperventilation), look at the flashing lights and try to fall asleep.
The test takes about 90 minutes. At the discretion of the physician, an EEG of 3 hours, 12 hours or 24 hours may be required.
Once the test is complete, the electrodes are removed and the adhesive is washed off with warm water and a cloth.
The EEG results are read at the follow-up consultation with a pediatric neurologist. At the doctor's discretion, additional tests-such as an MRI of the brain-may be done to clarify the diagnosis and prescribe treatment.
What is a head MRI?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is a safe and painless test that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to obtain detailed images of the brain and brain stem. MRI differs from CT scans because it does not use radiation.
An MRI consists of a large donut-shaped magnet that has a tunnel in the center. Patients are placed on a table that slides into the tunnel. Some centers have open MRI machines that have larger openings and are useful for claustrophobic patients.
During the study, radio waves manipulate the magnetic position of the body's atoms, which are picked up by a powerful antenna and sent to a computer. The computer performs millions of calculations, resulting in clear black-and-white cross-sectional images of the body. These images can be converted into three-dimensional (3-D) images of the scanned area. This helps identify problems in the brain and brain stem when the scan focuses on these areas.
Why is an MRI of the brain done?
MRIs can detect a variety of brain conditions such as cysts, tumors, bleeding, swelling, developmental and structural abnormalities, infections, inflammatory conditions or blood vessel problems.
MRI of the brain can be useful in evaluating problems such as persistent headaches, dizziness, weakness and blurred vision or seizures and can help detect certain chronic diseases of the nervous system.
In many cases, MRI of the brain requires no special preparation. Any objects containing metal (such as eyeglasses and jewelry) should be removed prior to the examination, as they can create a bright or blank spot on the diagnostic film. Lab technicians should make sure the child does not have any internal metal implants from a previous surgery or anything else that could cause a problem near a strong magnetic field. No electronic devices are allowed in the MRI room.
To get the best quality MRI results, the child should lie still during the scan. For this reason, anesthesia may be needed, especially for infants and toddlers who cannot remain still for the test.
Anesthesia is administered after consultation with an anesthesiologist. If the child is to be anaesthetised, food and fluids should be stopped at least 6 hours before the examination. Parents may remain in the MRI room with their child until the test begins. The child will be monitored at all times and will be connected to a machine that checks heart rate, breathing and oxygen level.
Performing an MRI of the brain usually takes 30-45 minutes.
To detect specific problems, the child may be given a contrast solution. The solution is painless. The contrast highlights certain areas of the brain, such as blood vessels, so doctors can see more detail. The contrast solution used in MRI tests is generally safe. However, allergic reactions can occur. If there is a kidney problem, the administration of contrast should be discussed with the supervising doctor.
Once the examination is complete, the child may be moved to an area to recover from the anesthesia. Most anaesthetics wear off within 1-2 hours and any contrast material given should pass through the body in about 24 hours.
The MRI images will be reviewed by a radiologist who is specially trained to interpret the scans. The radiologist will send a reading to the paediatric neurologist who will discuss the results with the parents and explain what they mean.
Consultation with a pediatric neurologist.
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