Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease with a progressive course of development and is one of the forms of dementia.
There are two forms of the disease:
- legacy
- and sporadic
The hereditary form is characterized by early onset - after 45 years and more severe clinical manifestation.
The first manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are progressive memory loss, especially for recent events, sometimes accompanied by speech impairment.
Observed:
- Spatial disorientation, a syndrome combining aphasia (loss or impairment of the ability to produce and/or understand foreign speech)
- Apraxia (loss of ability to perform complex acquired motor skills)
- Agnosia (impaired ability to recognize auditory, visual and tactile perceptions)
- Apathy or excitability, degradation of personality to complete helplessness and hallucinations
One of the reasons for the development of the disease is based on available drug therapies suggesting reduced synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Alzheimer's disease is usually diagnosed clinically from the patient's history and clinical observations based on characteristic neurological and neuropsychological features and the absence of alternative conditions. Advanced medical imaging with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), or positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to rule out other cerebral pathology or subtypes of dementia.
The treatment that is administered can significantly slow the progression of the disease.
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